all this talk about the boat displacing the gate ball as if that makes the miss happen, but i believe the ball is moved *wider* by the boat making the gate opening larger and favoring the close brush by the skier. if the boat didnt move the ball smith's miss would have been even worse since he would have passed even more up course of the balls original location. a couple of years ago ward williams i think wrote an article in water ski mag saying the best gate angle was about 45 degrees, that makes the benefit of brushing the rt hand ball real close very small compared to a winning pass denied for missing.